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Weight Growth Velocity and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

Hidehiko Maruyama1, Naohiro Yonemoto2, Yumi Kono3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Kochi Health Sciences Center, Kochi, Kochi, Japan.

Plos One
|September 25, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Lower weight growth velocity (WGV) in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs) is linked to poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes. Scores below 8 g/kg/day indicate higher risks, suggesting a need for improved nutritional support in NICU settings.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Growth Monitoring

Background:

  • Extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs) face significant risks for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • Weight growth velocity (WGV) is a critical indicator of infant health and development during the neonatal period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between weight growth velocity (WGV) and neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs).
  • To determine if WGV can predict neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) or death at 3 years of age.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 2961 ELBWIs (birth weight 501-1000 g) from the Neonatal Research Network of Japan (2003-2007) was analyzed.
  • Patel's exponential model calculated WGV from birth to discharge.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analyzed the prediction of death or NDI at 3 years based on categorized WGV scores.

Main Results:

  • The median WGV was 10.5 g/kg/day.
  • WGV scores of 6 and 7 g/kg/day were associated with significantly increased odds of death or NDI (OR 2.41 and 1.81, respectively) compared to a reference score of 10.
  • WGV scores of 8 g/kg/day or higher did not predict death or NDI.

Conclusions:

  • Lower WGV scores (<8 g/kg/day) during NICU hospitalization are significant predictors of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in ELBWIs.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring WGV for predicting neurodevelopmental trajectories.
  • Further research is recommended to explore nutritional interventions to improve WGV in ELBWIs.
Abstract

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