Thyroid Dysfunction in Neonates Born to Mothers Who Have Undergone Hysterosalpingography Involving an Oil-Soluble...

Patients developing neonatal thyroid dysfunction following maternal hysterosalpingography (HSG) involving the use of oil-soluble iodinated contrast medium (ethiodized oil) have been reported. The present study aimed to investigate the frequency and risk factors for neonatal thyroid dysfunction following HSG.

We studied 212 infants born to mothers who had become pregnant after undergoing HSG involving the use of ethiodized oil.

Five of the 212 infants tested positive during congenital hypothyroidism screening; this frequency (2.4%) was higher than the recall rate among first congenital hypothyroidism screening results (0.7%) in Tokyo, Japan. Two of the 5 screening-positive infants showed hypothyroidism, and 3 showed hyperthyrotropinemia. The urinary iodine concentrations in 4 out of the 5 screening-positive infants were 1,150, 940, 1,570, and 319 μg/l. The subjects were divided into thyroid dysfunction (n = 5) and normal thyroid function (n = 207) groups. The median dosage of ethiodized oil in the thyroid dysfunction group was significantly higher than in the normal thyroid function group (20 vs. 8 ml, p = 0.033).

When infertile women undergo HSG, the dosage of oil-soluble iodinated contrast medium should be as low as possible to minimize the risk of fetal or neonatal thyroid dysfunction.