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Circulating renalase, catecholamines, and vascular adhesion protein 1 in hypertensive patients
Dominika Maciorkowska1, Edyta Zbroch1, Jolanta Malyszko1
1Second Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Insights
Circulating renalase and vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) levels are elevated in hypertensive patients, correlating with noradrenaline. These markers may play a role in hypertension pathogenesis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Primary hypertension is a complex condition with multifactorial etiology.
- Biomarkers such as renalase and vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) are implicated in cardiovascular and renal diseases.
- Understanding their role in hypertension is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate and correlate circulating levels of renalase, VAP-1, and catecholamines in patients with primary hypertension.
- To investigate the relationship between these markers, blood pressure control, and patient medical history.
Main Methods:
- Quantification of serum renalase, VAP-1, and catecholamines (including noradrenaline and dopamine) in 121 hypertensive patients.
- Correlation analysis with blood pressure measurements (office and home), pharmacological therapy, and comorbidities.
- Multiple regression analysis to identify predictors of renalase levels.
Main Results:
- Hypertensive patients exhibited significantly higher circulating renalase and VAP-1 levels compared to healthy individuals.
- Positive correlations were observed between renalase and noradrenaline (r=0.549, P<0.05), and VAP-1 and noradrenaline (r=0.21, P=0.029).
- Elevated renalase and VAP-1 levels were associated with poor blood pressure control, coronary artery disease, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.
Conclusions:
- Circulating renalase and VAP-1 are elevated in primary hypertension, particularly with poor blood pressure control.
- These proteins show correlations with catecholamines and cardiac function, suggesting a potential role in hypertension's pathophysiology.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise roles of renalase and VAP-1 in hypertension and their therapeutic potential.
Abstract:
The aim of the study was to estimate and correlate circulating levels of renalase, vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1), catecholamines in patients with primary hypertension. The renalase, VAP-1, and catecholamines concentration was estimated in 121 hypertensive patients. The correlation between renalase, VAP-1 levels and catecholamine concentration in blood, blood pressure control, pharmacological therapy, and medical history were taken in to consideration. The median office blood pressure was 145.5/86 mm Hg and was significantly higher than the median home blood pressure measurement value, which was 135/80 mm Hg, P < .05. Circulating renalase and VAP-1 (Me 9.57 μg/mL and Me = 326.7 ng/mL) levels were significantly higher in patients with hypertension comparing to healthy individuals (3.83 μg/mL and 248.37 ng/mL, P < .05). The correlation between renalase and noradrenalin concentration in blood was observed (r = 0.549; P < .05), also the correlation between VAP-1 and noradrenaline was noticed (r = 0.21, P = .029). Renalase level was higher in patients with coronary artery disease and correlated with decreased ejection fraction. VAP-1 concentration correlated also with left ventricular ejection fraction (r = -0.23, P = .013). Hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus had almost statistically significant higher VAP-1 concentration compared with hypertensive patients without diabetes mellitus (Me = 403.22 ng/mL vs. Me = 326,68 ng/mL, P = .064). In multiple regression analysis, renalase was predicted by plasma dopamine and norepinephrine as also diastolic office blood pressure and left ventricle ejection fraction. Circulating renalase and VAP-1 levels are elevated in patients with poor blood pressure control. Its correlation with noradrenalin concentration need further studies to find out the role of renalase as also VAP-1 in pathogenesis and treatment of hypertension.
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