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The Argus(®) II Retinal Prosthesis System.

Yvonne Hsu-Lin Luo1, Lyndon da Cruz1

  • 1NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, 162 City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK; Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK.

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
|September 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System offers artificial vision for severe vision loss, primarily from retinitis pigmentosa. While demonstrating safety and functional improvements, patient outcomes vary, prompting ongoing research and development.

Keywords:
Artificial retinaRetinal dystrophyRetinal prosthesisRetinitis pigmentosaVisual prosthesis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System is a pioneering device for treating profound vision loss due to end-stage outer retinal diseases like retinitis pigmentosa.
  • It is the first prosthetic vision device to receive regulatory approval in Europe and the USA, marking its entry into the commercial market.
  • Over 100 devices have been implanted globally, representing the largest cohort of patients receiving visual prostheses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the animal and human studies underpinning the development of the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System.
  • To assess the safety and functional outcomes of the Argus II system in patients with retinitis pigmentosa.
  • To identify areas for future development in visual prostheses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical animal studies and clinical trials, including a Phase I/II trial with 30 patients.
  • Evaluation of the Argus II system's mechanism: epiretinal microelectrode stimulation of the inner retina to replace photoreceptor function.
  • Analysis of visual function improvements in areas such as orientation, mobility, object recognition, and reading.

Main Results:

  • The Argus II system demonstrated a robust safety profile in clinical trials.
  • Patients showed improvements in orientation, mobility, object recognition, and reading abilities.
  • Significant variability in functional outcomes among patients was observed, with contributing factors remaining unclear.

Conclusions:

  • The Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System provides a viable treatment option for patients with severe vision loss from retinitis pigmentosa.
  • Further research is needed to understand the factors influencing variable patient outcomes and to optimize device performance.
  • Ongoing clinical experience and proposed hardware/software advancements aim to enhance visual function provided by the Argus II system.