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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks
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Testing for parallel allochronic isolation in lake-stream stickleback.

D Hanson1, R D H Barrett1, A P Hendry1

  • 1Redpath Museum and Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Journal of Evolutionary Biology
|September 27, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Allochrony, or breeding at different times, does not explain the missing reproductive isolation in threespine stickleback. Timing differences between lake and stream populations were inconsistent and accounted for little of the observed genetic divergence.

Keywords:
allochronyecological speciationreproductive isolationstickleback

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Speciation Research
  • Ecology and Genetics

Background:

  • Reproductive isolation (RI) is key to speciation, particularly in ecological speciation.
  • Understanding rapid and predictable reproductive barriers is crucial for explaining environment-driven diversification.
  • The 'conundrum of missing reproductive isolation' in lake-stream stickleback populations remains unresolved.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if allochrony (differences in breeding times) acts as a significant reproductive barrier in threespine stickleback.
  • To determine if allochrony contributes to the missing reproductive isolation observed between lake and stream populations.
  • To assess the rapidity and predictability of allochrony as a driver of speciation in this system.

Main Methods:

  • Studied six independent lake-stream population pairs of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus).
  • Assessed differences in breeding times (allochrony) between paired populations.
  • Quantified the contribution of allochrony to total reproductive isolation using neutral genetic markers.

Main Results:

  • Breeding time differences were observed in some lake-stream stickleback populations, but lacked consistency between habitats.
  • Allochrony accounted for only a minor fraction of the total reproductive isolation measured.
  • The observed allochronic differences do not consistently explain the genetic divergence between lake and stream populations.

Conclusions:

  • Allochrony is not the primary driver of the missing reproductive isolation in threespine stickleback.
  • The 'conundrum of missing reproductive isolation' in this system requires further investigation into other potential barriers.
  • The importance, rapidity, and predictability of allochrony as a reproductive barrier may be limited in this ecological context.