[Efficacy of different methods of anesthesia on children underwent hypospadias surgery]

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Anesthesiology
• Surgical Anesthesia Techniques
• Urology

Background:

• Hypospadias surgery in children requires effective anesthesia management.
• Optimizing anesthesia techniques can improve surgical outcomes and patient safety.
• Different anesthetic approaches have varying impacts on hemodynamic stability and adverse events.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy of three anesthesia methods in children undergoing hypospadias surgery.
• To evaluate hemodynamic changes, adverse reactions, and postoperative complications associated with each anesthesia technique.
• To determine the optimal anesthesia strategy for hypospadias angioplasty in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

• A randomized study involving 90 children (2-6 years) with hypospadias (grades I-II).
• Three groups were formed: Group I (general + epidural anesthesia), Group II (laryngeal mask airway under general anesthesia), and Group III (laryngeal mask airway under general anesthesia + epidural block).
• Sevoflurane inhalation was used to maintain bispectral index between 45-60, with specific anesthetic protocols for each group.

Main Results:

• Group III demonstrated significantly smoother blood pressure and heart rate control compared to Group I and Group II (P<0.05).
• Postoperative agitation and the incidence of adverse events were significantly lower in Group III (P<0.05).
• The combined laryngeal mask airway, general anesthesia, and epidural block provided superior anesthetic efficacy.

Conclusions:

• Laryngeal mask airway under general anesthesia combined with epidural block is the preferred anesthesia method for pediatric hypospadias angioplasty.
• This technique enhances patient safety by reducing hemodynamic fluctuations and adverse events.
• The findings support the use of this combined anesthesia approach for improved outcomes in pediatric hypospadias surgery.