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Memory B-Cell Pools Predict the Immune Response to Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Immunocompromised Children

Takayuki Hoshina1, Shouichi Ohga2, Junko Fujiyoshi3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|September 28, 2015
PubMed

Insights

In immunocompromised children, CD27(+) B cells, not CD4(+) T cells, may predict effective pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) responses. Lower B-cell counts correlate with reduced vaccine immunity.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Immune responses to pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) are often diminished in immunocompromised individuals.
  • The specific role of memory B cells in PCV immunogenicity in these patients is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of B-cell subsets on PCV immune responses in immunocompromised children.
  • To identify potential predictors of effective PCV immunity in pediatric immunocompromised populations.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 53 children receiving 7-valent PCV, divided into immunocompromised (stem cell transplant recipients, immunosuppressive therapy recipients) and immunocompetent (older children, infants) groups.
  • Measurement of antipneumococcal immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels and opsonization index (OI) titers.
  • Analysis of lymphocyte subsets, including CD27(+) B cells and CD4(+) T cells.

Main Results:

  • Group A (stem cell transplant recipients) showed lower IgG concentrations and OIs compared to controls (group C).
  • Immunity achievement rates were lower in group A than in group C.
  • Group A exhibited reduced CD27(+) B-cell and CD4(+) T-cell counts, while group B (immunosuppressive therapy) had lower immunoglobulin D-expressing CD27(-) B-cell counts.

Conclusions:

  • Circulating CD27(+) B-cell numbers are a potential predictor of effective PCV responses in immunocompromised children.
  • CD4(+) T-cell counts may not be as indicative as B-cell subsets for predicting PCV immunity in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccineafter hematopoietic stem cell transplantationantipneumococcal immunoglobulin G antibodymemory B cellopsonophagocytic activity

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