Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

3.9K
Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
3.9K
Exocytosis00:51

Exocytosis

75.3K
Exocytosis is used to release material from cells. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.
75.3K
Exocytosis00:50

Exocytosis

10.4K
Exocytosis is a process that releases molecules outside the cell. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.
Exocytosis is the opposite of endocytosis, which brings molecules inside the cell. Sometimes, the released materials are signaling molecules. For example, neurons typically use exocytosis to release neurotransmitters. Cells also use exocytosis to insert proteins such as ion channels into their cell membranes, secrete proteins for use in the extracellular matrix, or...
10.4K
Overview of Secretory Vesicles01:33

Overview of Secretory Vesicles

9.9K
Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
9.9K
COP Coated Vesicles00:59

COP Coated Vesicles

18.6K
Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of...
18.6K
Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

10.1K
Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
10.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Spinning babies® techniques in two Swedish tertiary birth units: A retrospective cohort study of use and birth outcomes.

Sexual & reproductive healthcare : official journal of the Swedish Association of Midwives·2026
Same author

Placental abundances of IGF1, IGF2, IGFBP2, IGF2R, and PPARα are associated with birth weight.

Journal of the Endocrine Society·2026
Same author

Comparative analysis of gut microbiome alterations in early- and late-onset preeclampsia: A case control study.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Validity of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy diagnoses in the Swedish pregnancy register using a contemporary cohort.

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica·2026
Same author

Building bridges for empowerment and informed decision-making: A qualitative study of midwives' reflections on how to optimise contraceptive counselling for immigrant women in Sweden.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Evaluating a Smartphone App to Monitor Blood Pressure in Normotensive Pregnancies, High-Risk Pregnancies, and Women With Preeclampsia: Prospective Longitudinal Feasibility Study.

JMIR human factors·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: Modeling an Aspect of Preeclampsia in Female Mice Using Hypoxic Human Placenta-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles
05:31

Author Spotlight: Modeling an Aspect of Preeclampsia in Female Mice Using Hypoxic Human Placenta-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles

Published on: January 26, 2024

1.5K

Placenta-derived extracellular vesicles: their cargo and possible functions.

Mary Familari1, Tina Cronqvist2, Zahra Masoumi2

  • 1School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia.

Reproduction, Fertility, and Development
|September 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Extracellular vesicles from placental cells are key in pre-eclampsia. Research highlights variability in their cargo, suggesting current markers may not strictly identify placental exosomes.

More Related Videos

Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Fluids
05:07

Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Fluids

Published on: February 28, 2025

1.0K
Isolation and Analysis of Traceable and Functionalized Extracellular Vesicles from the Plasma and Solid Tissues
09:57

Isolation and Analysis of Traceable and Functionalized Extracellular Vesicles from the Plasma and Solid Tissues

Published on: October 17, 2022

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: Modeling an Aspect of Preeclampsia in Female Mice Using Hypoxic Human Placenta-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles
05:31

Author Spotlight: Modeling an Aspect of Preeclampsia in Female Mice Using Hypoxic Human Placenta-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles

Published on: January 26, 2024

1.5K
Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Fluids
05:07

Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Fluids

Published on: February 28, 2025

1.0K
Isolation and Analysis of Traceable and Functionalized Extracellular Vesicles from the Plasma and Solid Tissues
09:57

Isolation and Analysis of Traceable and Functionalized Extracellular Vesicles from the Plasma and Solid Tissues

Published on: October 17, 2022

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Cellular biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicle (EV) research is rapidly growing but contains conflicting data.
  • Human placental syncytiotrophoblast cells release EVs, with increased release observed in pre-eclampsia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on syncytiotrophoblast EVs.
  • To focus on their role in pre-eclampsia and associated EV cargo.
  • To analyze variability in EV markers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of syncytiotrophoblast EV derivation and isolation.
  • Analysis of EV cargo (proteins, RNA, lipids).
  • Meta-analysis of trophoblast-derived EV proteomic datasets.

Main Results:

  • A meta-analysis identified only three common proteins (albumin, fibronectin-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) in trophoblast EVs.
  • Significant variability in EV cargo was observed, likely due to origin cell type and developmental stage.
  • Low common marker numbers suggest current identification criteria may be insufficient.

Conclusions:

  • Variability in syncytiotrophoblast EV cargo is substantial.
  • Current markers and density may not be definitive for identifying placenta-derived exosomes.
  • Further research is needed to refine EV identification and characterization in pregnancy complications.