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Iodine status of young Burkinabe children receiving small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements and iodised salt:

Sonja Y Hess1, Souheila Abbeddou1, Elizabeth Yakes Jimenez2

  • 11Program in International and Community Nutrition,Department of Nutrition,University of California Davis,Davis,CA 95616,USA.

The British Journal of Nutrition
|September 29, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) did not significantly alter iodine status in young children already consuming iodized salt. Reducing iodine in SQ-LNS may be feasible where salt iodization is effective.

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Iodine deficiency remains a global public health concern, impacting cognitive development in children.
  • Effective salt iodization programs are crucial for ensuring adequate iodine intake.
  • The role of nutrient supplements in iodine status requires further investigation, especially in populations with existing salt iodization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) containing iodine on the iodine status of young children in Burkina Faso.
  • To assess the influence of SQ-LNS on thyroid function markers, including urinary iodine (UI), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4), and thyroglobulin (Tg).

Main Methods:

  • A community-based intervention study involving 34 communities in Burkina Faso, divided into intervention (IC) and non-intervention cohorts (NIC).
  • IC children received daily SQ-LNS with varying iodine and zinc content from 9 to 18 months of age.
  • NIC children did not receive SQ-LNS but had access to iodized salt through a national program. Biomarkers were measured at 9 and 18 months.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in UI, TSH, or T4 were observed between the IC and NIC groups at 18 months.
  • Plasma thyroglobulin (Tg) was initially higher in NIC but normalized by 18 months.
  • All children exhibited adequate iodine status (UI > 339 µg/l) and normal TSH levels at 18 months, with only a marginal increase in low T4 in the NIC group.

Conclusions:

  • In settings with effective salt iodization, SQ-LNS may not be necessary for improving iodine status in young children.
  • The iodine content in SQ-LNS could potentially be reduced without compromising iodine status, offering cost-saving opportunities.
  • Continued monitoring of iodine status is essential, even with widespread salt iodization programs.

Keywords:
Food supplementsIC intervention cohortsIodineLNS lipid-based nutrient supplementsLipid-based nutrient supplementsMNP micronutrient powdersNIC non-intervention cohortsSQ-LNS small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplementsSmall-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplementsT4 thyroxineTSH thyroid-stimulating hormoneTg thyroglobulinThyroid hormonesUI urinary iodine

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