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Anatomopathological staging of feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy through quantitative evaluation based on

I Biasato1, L Francescone2, G La Rosa3

  • 1Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco (TO), Italy.

Research in Veterinary Science
|September 29, 2015
PubMed

Insights

This study introduces a repeatable method for quantitatively assessing feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in cats. It reveals that advanced HCM stages involve left ventricular dilation, left atrial enlargement, and increased coronary arteriosclerosis.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Cardiovascular Pathology
  • Feline Medicine

Background:

  • Feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common cardiac disease in cats.
  • Clinical and anatomopathological diagnoses are crucial for HCM.
  • Standardized echocardiography aids HCM diagnosis and classification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an original, complete, and repeatable quantitative anatomopathological evaluation of feline HCM.
  • To investigate the temporal evolution of end-stage feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ES-HCM).

Main Methods:

  • Morphometric and histopathological investigations were performed on 21 feline hearts with suspected or diagnosed HCM and 6 control hearts.
  • A quantitative assessment of gross and histopathological features of HCM was developed.

Main Results:

  • The developed quantitative assessment method for HCM features is original and repeatable.
  • Progression to end-stage HCM phenotypes correlates with increased left ventricular fibrous tissue deposition.
  • Advancement to end-stage HCM is associated with left ventricular lumen dilation (P=0.0004), left atrium dilation (P=0.0017), and increased intramural coronary arteriosclerosis (P=0.0293).

Conclusions:

  • A novel, repeatable quantitative method for assessing feline HCM pathology has been established.
  • The study elucidates key pathological changes during the temporal evolution of feline HCM.
  • Findings highlight the progression of HCM towards end-stage phenotypes involving cardiac chamber dilation and vascular changes.

Keywords:
FelineHeartMyocardial diseaseVentricular hypertrophy

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