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Vitamin D and inflammation.

John J Cannell¹, William B Grant², Michael F Holick³

¹Vitamin D Council ; San Luis Obispo, CA USA.

Dermato-Endocrinology

|September 29, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamin D may reduce inflammation markers, particularly in severe inflammatory conditions with low baseline levels. Further research should focus on specific patient groups and adequate vitamin D dosing for optimal results.

Keywords:

C-reactive protein cardiovascular disease cytokines inflammation randomized controlled trials tumor necrosis factor-alpha vitamin D

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Immunology
Nutritional Science

Background:

An inverse relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and inflammation markers is noted.
A debate exists on whether vitamin D reduces inflammation or if inflammation lowers 25(OH)D levels.
Post-surgical decreases in 25(OH)D raise questions about metabolic clearance versus inflammatory effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining vitamin D's effect on inflammatory markers.
To identify factors influencing vitamin D's efficacy in modulating inflammation.

Main Methods:

Literature search for RCTs of vitamin D and inflammatory markers.
Analysis of study outcomes based on inflammatory conditions, baseline 25(OH)D, and achieved 25(OH)D levels.

Main Results:

Out of 39 RCTs, 17 showed significant reduction in inflammatory markers, 19 did not.
Beneficial effects were limited in stable conditions but observed in 6 of 7 RCTs for highly inflammatory diseases.
Low baseline and high achieved 25(OH)D levels predicted significant reductions.

Conclusions:

Vitamin D may modestly reduce inflammation in severe inflammatory conditions, especially with low baseline levels and sufficient achieved levels.
Future studies should target individuals with low 25(OH)D, elevated inflammation, and inflammatory conditions, using physiological doses.