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Quantitative susceptibility mapping using a superposed dipole inversion method: Application to intracranial

Hongfu Sun1, Mahesh Kate2, Laura C Gioia2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|September 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary

New methods for quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) reduce artifacts from intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) phase errors. These techniques improve susceptibility measurements in ICH patients.

Keywords:
artifact reductionintracranial hemorrhagemask-inversionquantitative susceptibility mappingsuperposed dipole inversion

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Medical Physics
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) can cause significant phase errors in gradient-echo imaging.
  • These errors complicate quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) of ICH, particularly for low-magnitude hemorrhages.
  • Accurate QSM is crucial for characterizing brain tissue and detecting abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gradient-echo phase errors in low-magnitude ICH.
  • To develop and propose novel methods for reducing artifacts in QSM of ICH.

Main Methods:

  • Two QSM methods were developed: mask-inversion and ICH magnetic dipole field isolation with susceptibility superposition.
  • Reconstruction methods were tested in eight ICH patients using 1.5T MRI with 40 ms echo time.
  • Phase unwrapping algorithms were compared for their effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • Significant phase errors were observed within low-magnitude ICH regions.
  • The mask-inversion method improved ICH susceptibility recovery and minimized phase error propagation.
  • The superposition method effectively suppressed streaking artifacts and yielded consistent susceptibility measurements across different echo times.

Conclusions:

  • Proposed mask-inversion and ICH isolation/superposition methods significantly reduce QSM artifacts in ICH.
  • These techniques enhance the accuracy and reliability of QSM for ICH assessment.
  • Further validation of phase unwrapping methods is recommended for optimal results.