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Mammography Adherence in African-American Women: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Wambui G Gathirua-Mwangi1, Patrick O Monahan2,3, Timothy Stump4
1Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, 714 N Senate Avenue, Suite EF 209, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. ggathiru@iupui.edu.
Background:
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality among women in the developed world. Mammography screening is especially important for African-Americans because they experience a greater mortality (OR = 1.38) than Caucasians despite having a lower incidence of breast cancer.
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two interventions with usual care on mammography adherence among African-American women.
Methods:
A subsample of African-American women (n = 244) aged 41-65 years who had not had a mammogram in the last 15 months and no history of breast cancer was randomly assigned to receive (1) mailed interactive DVD, (2) computer-tailored telephone counseling, or (3) usual care.
Results:
The DVD intervention was five times more effective than usual care for promoting mammography screening at 6 months follow-up among women who earned less than $30,000 (OR = 5.3). Compared to usual care, neither the DVD nor phone produced significant effects for women with household incomes >$30,000.
Conclusion:
Use of a mailed DVD for low-income African-American women may be an effective way to increase mammography adherence.
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