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[Cardiotoxicity of local anesthetics: dynamic electrocardiogram study].

S Rengo, V Canonico, M Simeone

    Archivio Stomatologico
    |October 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Dental surgery in cardiac patients is safe with local anesthesia containing a vasoconstrictor, like mepivacaine hydrochloride with adrenalin. Monitoring showed transient heart rate and blood pressure increases, but no significant cardiac events.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Dentistry
    • Anesthesiology

    Context:

    • Cardiopathic patients undergoing dental procedures require careful hemodynamic monitoring.
    • Local anesthesia with vasoconstrictors is commonly used in dentistry.
    • The safety of dental procedures with vasoconstrictors in cardiac patients is a clinical concern.

    Purpose:

    • To evaluate the cardiovascular response of cardiopathic patients during tooth extraction under local anesthesia with a vasoconstrictor.
    • To assess the safety and hemodynamic stability of dental procedures in patients with heart conditions.

    Summary:

    • Twenty-two cardiopathic patients underwent dynamic electrocardiography during tooth extraction using mepivacaine hydrochloride with adrenalin.
    • Significant increases in heart rate and blood pressure were observed during the procedure, returning to near-basal levels post-extraction.

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  • No major adverse cardiac events, such as ST segment changes, were noted. One patient experienced a transient increase in ventricular rate and premature beats.
  • Impact:

    • Local anesthesia with vasoconstrictors appears to be a viable option for dental procedures in select cardiopathic patients.
    • Careful patient selection and clinical assessment are crucial for managing cardiovascular risks during dental surgery.
    • This study supports the safety of dental interventions under local anesthesia with vasoconstrictors in patients with cardiac conditions, given appropriate monitoring.