Gain-of-Function Research and the Relevance to Clinical Practice

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Public Health Policy
• Medical Ethics

Background:

• A moratorium exists on gain-of-function (GOF) research involving specific highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses and coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV).
• The debate surrounding GOF research involves microbiologists and policymakers, with a need for clinical community input.
• Understanding the risks and benefits of GOF research is crucial for informed policy decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a primer on gain-of-function research for medical practitioners.
• To offer historical context for GOF research practices.
• To summarize the risks and medical products associated with GOF research.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of gain-of-function research.
• Historical analysis of GOF research.
• Survey of medical products derived from GOF research.

Main Results:

• Gain-of-function research has yielded significant medical advancements.
• Potential risks associated with GOF research have been identified and debated.
• The review synthesizes information to inform clinical perspectives on GOF research.

Conclusions:

• Medical practitioners' input is valuable for developing inclusive GOF research policies.
• GOF research presents a complex balance of potential benefits and risks.
• This review aims to equip clinicians to participate effectively in the GOF research policy discussion.