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Related Concept Videos

Reservoir of Infection01:30

Reservoir of Infection

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Infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions between pathogens and their reservoirs. A reservoir of infection refers to the natural habitat where a pathogen lives, grows, and multiplies, serving as a continual source of infection. Reservoirs are broadly classified as either living or nonliving, and each plays a unique role in disease transmission, significantly influencing public health interventions and control strategies.Humans act as reservoirs for a wide array of pathogens,...
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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
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Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

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The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
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Characterizing Salmonella Typhimurium-induced Septic Peritonitis in Mice
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Renal Abscess Caused by Salmonella Typhi.

Amarjeet Kaur1, Smita Sarma1, Navin Kumar1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Medanta - The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.

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|September 30, 2015
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Salmonella typhi, a bacterium causing enteric fever, rarely infects the kidneys. This case highlights a unique renal abscess caused by S. typhi resistant to quinolones.

Keywords:
FluoroquinolonesSalmonella typhirenal abscess

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Salmonella typhi is a significant human pathogen responsible for typhoid fever, a systemic illness.
  • While typically causing intestinal infections, S. typhi can manifest in various extraintestinal sites, including serious conditions like meningitis and hepatic abscesses.
  • Renal involvement secondary to S. typhi infection is exceptionally uncommon.

Observation:

  • This report details a rare case of a renal abscess in a 10-year-old child.
  • The child presented without fever or a history suggestive of enteric fever.
  • The causative agent identified in the renal abscess was Salmonella typhi.

Findings:

  • This is the first documented instance of Salmonella typhi being isolated from a renal abscess.
  • The S. typhi isolate demonstrated resistance to quinolone antibiotics.
  • The patient was afebrile and lacked a typical clinical history of typhoid fever.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering unusual presentations of S. typhi infections, even in the absence of classic symptoms.
  • The identification of quinolone-resistant S. typhi in a renal abscess highlights evolving antimicrobial resistance patterns.
  • Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for S. typhi in diverse clinical scenarios, particularly in cases of renal abscess, and consider appropriate diagnostic and treatment strategies.