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Neural Plastic Effects of Cognitive Training on Aging Brain
Natalie T Y Leung1, Helena M K Tam2, Leung W Chu3
1Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong ; Laboratory of Social Cognitive Affective Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Neural Plasticity
|September 30, 2015
Summary
Cognitive training can improve attention and working memory in older adults, demonstrating that the brain remains adaptable. This neuroplasticity suggests that cognitive decline may be mitigated through targeted interventions.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
- Gerontology
Background:
- The aging brain retains plasticity, offering potential for cognitive enhancement.
- Cognitive decline in older adults may be counteracted by targeted interventions.
- Experience-dependent neuroplasticity supports cognitive function throughout life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the behavioral effects of a 13-week cognitive training program on attention and working memory in older adults.
- To determine if cognitive training can ameliorate age-associated cognitive decline.
- To examine the specificity of training-induced neural plasticity.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study involving 209 older adults at risk of cognitive decline.
- Random assignment to a Cognitive Training Group (n=109) or an Active Control Group (n=100).
- A thirteen-week systematic cognitive training program focusing on attention and working memory.
Main Results:
- Significant improvements were observed in auditory and visual-spatial attention and working memory following cognitive training.
- Training effects were specific to the trained cognitive domains, with no significant differences in verbal or visual-spatial memory between groups.
- Initial cognitive status did not predict training-induced changes, suggesting broad neuroplastic potential in older age.
Conclusions:
- Cognitive training can induce specific neural and behavioral changes in older adults.
- The brain's capacity for plasticity persists into late adulthood, supporting cognitive function.
- Targeted cognitive interventions show promise for mitigating age-associated cognitive decline.
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