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[Pregnancy in adolescents: a comparative study].

F V Alegria, N Schor, A A de Siqueira

    Revista De Saude Publica
    |December 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Pregnant adolescents received inadequate prenatal care, with most starting late and having fewer consultations. Despite fewer pregnancy complications, they experienced more surgical deliveries and intrapartum issues compared to adult women.

    Area of Science:

    • Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Maternal Health
    • Adolescent Health

    Background:

    • Adolescent pregnancy presents unique health challenges.
    • Prenatal care adequacy is crucial for maternal and fetal outcomes.
    • Understanding disparities in care between adolescent and adult mothers is essential.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare prenatal care, pregnancy complications, delivery modes, and puerperium outcomes between adolescent and adult pregnant women.
    • To identify potential areas for improving obstetric care for pregnant adolescents.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective study of 349 women who gave birth at an Obstetric Clinic in Greater S. Paulo, Brazil.
    • Data collected on prenatal care timing and frequency, pregnancy pathologies, delivery type, intrapartum complications, and puerperium disorders.

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  • Comparison of outcomes between pregnant adolescents (under 20) and adult pregnant women (20 and over).

    • Main Results:

    • Adolescent mothers (22.2% of the sample) received inadequate prenatal assistance, with 70.6% starting care in the second trimester and averaging two consultations.
    • Adolescents had lower incidences of pathological disorders during pregnancy (39.3%) compared to adults (44.4%).
    • Adolescents had higher rates of surgical deliveries (25.7% forceps, 22.9% cesarean section) and intrapartum complications (12.9% vs. 8.2%), including hemorrhage and toxemia. Puerperium complications were also higher in adolescents (15.7% vs. 11.8%).

    Conclusions:

    • Pregnant adolescents in this Brazilian cohort received suboptimal prenatal care, impacting their obstetric outcomes.
    • Adolescents faced higher risks of surgical delivery, intrapartum complications, and postpartum issues despite fewer general pregnancy pathologies.
    • Interventions are needed to improve early initiation and quality of prenatal care for pregnant adolescents to mitigate adverse outcomes.