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Primary nephrotic syndrome in Arab children in Kuwait
M Zaki1, I Helin, D S Manandhar
1Department of Paediatrics, Farwaniya Hospital, Kuwait.
Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|April 1, 1989
Summary
Primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) in Arab children shows a higher incidence compared to Western countries. Steroid response and relapse patterns in these children are similar to those observed globally.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Nephrology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) is a significant kidney disorder in children.
- Understanding the epidemiology and clinical presentation of PNS in diverse populations is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence and clinical characteristics of primary nephrotic syndrome in Arab children.
- To compare the findings with those reported in Western populations.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study of 55 Arab children diagnosed with PNS over a 5-year period at two Kuwaiti hospitals.
- Analysis of patient demographics, initial response to steroid therapy, histopathological findings, and presence of hematuria.
Main Results:
- The annual incidence of PNS was 7.2 and 6.0 per 100,000 children under 10 and 12 years, respectively.
- 84% of children showed an initial response to steroids, with nearly 50% responding within one week.
- Among non-responders, membranoproliferative nephritis was the most common histopathological finding.
Conclusions:
- The incidence of PNS appears higher in Arab children compared to Western cohorts.
- The clinical presentation, steroid responsiveness, and relapse patterns of PNS in this cohort are consistent with international data.