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Posterior cortical atrophy.

R S Delamont1, J Harrison, M Field

  • 1Department of Neurology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Qld.

Clinical and Experimental Neurology
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study describes two patients with progressive higher cortical dysfunction, focusing on early visual deficits and Balint's syndrome. The findings suggest a potential link to atypical Alzheimer's disease, though the exact pathology remains unknown.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Progressive disorders of higher cortical function can manifest with diverse neurological deficits.
  • Cortical visual impairments are significant indicators of neurological compromise.
  • Balint's syndrome, characterized by visual-spatial difficulties, presents a complex diagnostic challenge.

Observation:

  • Two patients presented with a progressive decline in higher cortical functions, notably early-onset cortical visual deficits.
  • Visual field defects evolved, including visual inattention, homonymous hemianopia, and quadrantanopia.
  • Both patients developed features of Balint's syndrome: ocular dysmetria, simultanagnosia, and sticky fixation.

Findings:

  • Associated symptoms included progressive dysmnesia, dyscalculia, ideomotor apraxia, and spatial disorientation.

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  • Abstract reasoning, speech, and insight remained relatively preserved.
  • Neuroimaging (MRI and CT) showed no focal abnormalities, complicating etiological determination.

    • Implications:

    • These cases align with previously reported similar presentations, suggesting a distinct clinical entity.
    • The unknown pathological basis points towards potential atypical forms of Alzheimer's disease or other neurodegenerative processes.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying pathology and establish diagnostic criteria for this syndrome.