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mTOR inhibitors and diabetes

Bruno Vergès1, Bertrand Cariou2

  • 1Endocrinology-Diabetology Department, University-Hospital, and, Medicine University, Dijon, France; INSERM CRI 866, Medicine University, Dijon, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
|October 1, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, used in cancer therapy, frequently cause hyperglycemia and new-onset diabetes. Close blood glucose monitoring is recommended due to impaired insulin secretion and resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors are utilized as antineoplastic therapies for various cancers.
  • These drugs target the mTOR signaling pathway, crucial for cell growth and metabolism.
  • Hyperglycemia and new-onset diabetes are significant side effects of mTOR inhibitor treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the incidence and potential mechanisms of hyperglycemia associated with mTOR inhibitor use in cancer patients.
  • To highlight the clinical implications of hyperglycemia in patients undergoing mTOR inhibitor therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data on mTOR inhibitor use in oncology.
  • Analysis of preclinical and animal studies investigating the pathophysiology of drug-induced hyperglycemia.

Main Results:

  • High incidence of hyperglycemia (13-50%) and severe hyperglycemia (4-12%) reported in clinical trials.
  • Animal studies suggest impaired insulin secretion and insulin resistance contribute to hyperglycemia.
  • Pathophysiology in humans remains incompletely understood due to limited studies.

Conclusions:

  • mTOR inhibitor therapy is linked to a substantial risk of hyperglycemia and diabetes.
  • Personalized blood glucose monitoring is crucial for patients receiving mTOR inhibitors.
  • Further human studies are needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of mTOR inhibitor-induced hyperglycemia.
Keywords:
CancerDiabetesEverolimusHyperglycemiaTemsirolimusmTOR inhibitors

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