mTOR inhibitors and diabetes
Bruno Vergès1, Bertrand Cariou2
1Endocrinology-Diabetology Department, University-Hospital, and, Medicine University, Dijon, France; INSERM CRI 866, Medicine University, Dijon, France; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
|October 1, 2015
Summary
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, used in cancer therapy, frequently cause hyperglycemia and new-onset diabetes. Close blood glucose monitoring is recommended due to impaired insulin secretion and resistance.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors are utilized as antineoplastic therapies for various cancers.
- These drugs target the mTOR signaling pathway, crucial for cell growth and metabolism.
- Hyperglycemia and new-onset diabetes are significant side effects of mTOR inhibitor treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the incidence and potential mechanisms of hyperglycemia associated with mTOR inhibitor use in cancer patients.
- To highlight the clinical implications of hyperglycemia in patients undergoing mTOR inhibitor therapy.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical trial data on mTOR inhibitor use in oncology.
- Analysis of preclinical and animal studies investigating the pathophysiology of drug-induced hyperglycemia.
Main Results:
- High incidence of hyperglycemia (13-50%) and severe hyperglycemia (4-12%) reported in clinical trials.
- Animal studies suggest impaired insulin secretion and insulin resistance contribute to hyperglycemia.
- Pathophysiology in humans remains incompletely understood due to limited studies.
Conclusions:
- mTOR inhibitor therapy is linked to a substantial risk of hyperglycemia and diabetes.
- Personalized blood glucose monitoring is crucial for patients receiving mTOR inhibitors.
- Further human studies are needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of mTOR inhibitor-induced hyperglycemia.
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