Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

7.9K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
7.9K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

10.9K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
10.9K
Secondary Messengers in Hormone Action01:26

Secondary Messengers in Hormone Action

6.2K
Water-soluble hormones cannot cross the plasma membrane, so they rely on protein receptors that span the membrane to trigger intracellular signaling pathways. These pathways then activate second messengers inside the cell, including cAMP or calcium ions.
Many hormones bind to transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors that connect to regulatory G proteins. These G proteins can then activate enzymes such as adenylyl cyclase or phospholipase C. Adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to cAMP, activating...
6.2K
Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System01:08

Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System

7.9K
A signaling cascade is a series of events that facilitates the transmission of information within or between cells, culminating in a targeted response in the recipient cell. As chemical messengers, hormones are pivotal in initiating and modulating these intricate signaling cascades based on their solubility.
Lipid-soluble hormones, such as steroid hormones, demonstrate an intracellular action. These hormones traverse cell membranes due to their lipid nature. Once inside the target cell, they...
7.9K
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

19.5K
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
19.5K
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

10.4K
The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
10.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Association of antiphospholipid syndrome with infective endocarditis and sepsis induced by Staphylococcus aureus: A U.S. nationwide inpatient sample analysis.

Lupus·2025
Same author

Intubation in Eosinophilic Lung Disease: Predictors, Outcomes, and Characteristics from a National Inpatient Sample Analysis.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·2025
Same author

Endogenous SH2B1 protein localizes to lamellipodia and filopodia: platinum replica electron-microscopy study.

microPublication biology·2025
Same author

Identification of βIIΣ1-Spectrin as a Binding Partner of the GH-regulated Human Obesity Scaffold Protein SH2B1.

Endocrinology·2025
Same author

2022 Cannon lecture: an ode to signal transduction: how the growth hormone pathway revealed insight into height, malignancy, and obesity.

American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism·2023
Same author

Role of the Beta and Gamma Isoforms of the Adapter Protein SH2B1 in Regulating Energy Balance.

Endocrinology·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Comparative Analysis of Human Growth Hormone in Serum Using SPRi, Nano-SPRi and ELISA Assays
11:17

Comparative Analysis of Human Growth Hormone in Serum Using SPRi, Nano-SPRi and ELISA Assays

Published on: January 7, 2016

17.2K

Growth hormone signaling pathways.

Christin Carter-Su1, Jessica Schwartz1, Lawrence S Argetsinger1

  • 1Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and of Internal Medicine, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.

Growth Hormone & IGF Research : Official Journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society
|October 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Growth hormone (GH) signals via JAK2, activating pathways like Stat and ERK. Recent work highlights SH2B1

Keywords:
Growth hormoneJAK2SH2B1Signal transduction

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Manipulating Signaling in Zebrafish Embryos to Decode Cell Fate Decisions
07:18

Author Spotlight: Manipulating Signaling in Zebrafish Embryos to Decode Cell Fate Decisions

Published on: October 27, 2023

3.5K
Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells
06:54

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells

Published on: October 27, 2020

14.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Comparative Analysis of Human Growth Hormone in Serum Using SPRi, Nano-SPRi and ELISA Assays
11:17

Comparative Analysis of Human Growth Hormone in Serum Using SPRi, Nano-SPRi and ELISA Assays

Published on: January 7, 2016

17.2K
Author Spotlight: Manipulating Signaling in Zebrafish Embryos to Decode Cell Fate Decisions
07:18

Author Spotlight: Manipulating Signaling in Zebrafish Embryos to Decode Cell Fate Decisions

Published on: October 27, 2023

3.5K
Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells
06:54

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells

Published on: October 27, 2020

14.8K

Area of Science:

  • Cellular signaling
  • Molecular biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Growth hormone (GH) initiates intracellular signaling cascades upon binding to its receptor.
  • The tyrosine kinase JAK2 is a key mediator of GH receptor signaling.
  • Multiple downstream pathways, including Stat, Ras-ERK, and PI3K-Akt, are activated by GH.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of SH2B1 in GH signaling.
  • To elucidate the function of SH2B1 in regulating cellular responses to GH.
  • To explore the implications of SH2B1 mutations in human metabolic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the interaction and phosphorylation of SH2B1 by JAK2.
  • Utilized cell-based assays to examine SH2B1 localization and function.
  • Analyzed the impact of SH2B1 mutations on GH-induced cellular responses.

Main Results:

  • SH2B1 is recruited to and phosphorylated by JAK2 in response to GH.
  • SH2B1 regulates the actin cytoskeleton and promotes GH-dependent macrophage motility.
  • SH2B1 mutations are associated with severe early-onset obesity and insulin resistance, impairing GH signaling.

Conclusions:

  • SH2B1 is a crucial scaffold protein in GH signaling, impacting cytoskeletal regulation and cell motility.
  • Dysfunctional SH2B1 may contribute to obesity and insulin resistance.
  • SH2B1's role in cytoskeletal dynamics across various cell types suggests broader implications for body weight regulation.