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Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

Coordination Number and Geometry

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.

Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

Structural Isomerism

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...

Colors and Magnetism

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...

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Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework

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Two different anionic manganese(II) coordination polymers constructed through dicyanamide coordination bridges.

Hui Ting Wang¹

¹College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry

|October 1, 2015

Summary

Two novel manganese dicyanamide coordination polymers were synthesized. These new materials explore ferroelectric properties in hybrid coordination polymers and exhibit unique structural characteristics.

Keywords:

bridging dicyanamide crystal engineering crystal structure hydrogen-bonding interactions manganese(II) complex one-dimensional polymeric chain phase-transition materials three-dimensional coordination polymer

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Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework

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Published on: April 9, 2018

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Area of Science:

Coordination Chemistry
Materials Science
Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

Hybrid coordination polymers are of interest for exploring new ferroelectric materials.
Manganese dicyanamide complexes offer a versatile platform for constructing diverse network structures.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and characterize novel manganese dicyanamide coordination polymers.
To investigate the potential of these materials as ferroelectrics.
To explore the structural diversity of manganese-dicyanamide based networks.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of two manganese dicyanamide complexes in aqueous solution.
Structural characterization using X-ray diffraction.
Analysis of coordination environments and network topologies.

Main Results:

Synthesis of poly[tetramethylammonium [di-μ3-dicyanamido-κ(6)N(1):N(3):N(5)-tri-μ2-dicyanamido-κ(6)N(1):N(5)-dimanganese(II)]] (I) and catena-poly[bis(butyltriphenylphosphonium) [[(dicyanamido-κN(1))manganese(II)]-di-μ2-dicyanamido-κ(4)N(1):N(5)]] (II).
Complex (I) forms a 3D framework with solvent-accessible voids occupied by tetramethylammonium cations.
Complex (II) forms a 1D polymeric chain structure with hydrogen-bonding interactions.

Conclusions:

The synthesized manganese dicyanamide complexes exhibit distinct structural architectures.
These findings contribute to the exploration of new ferroelectric materials within hybrid coordination polymers.
The study highlights the tunability of manganese dicyanamide systems for creating diverse network structures.