Esophageal replacement by hydroxylated bacterial cellulose patch in a rabbit model.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Surgical Innovation

Background:

• Esophageal defects pose significant reconstructive challenges.
• Current treatment options have limitations, necessitating novel approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of hydroxylated and kombucha-synthesized bacterial cellulose (HKBC) patches for esophageal defect repair.
• To assess the biocompatibility and regenerative potential of HKBC in a preclinical model.

Main Methods:

• Semicircular esophageal defects were created and repaired with HKBC patches in 18 rabbits.
• Clinical outcomes (survival, weight, feeding, hematology, radiology) were monitored.
• Histopathological analysis using light and scanning electron microscopy was performed at 1, 3, and 6 months post-surgery.

Main Results:

• An 88.9% survival rate was observed in the first month, with gradual restoration of feeding function and body weight.
• Radiological evaluations showed no significant anastomotic leakage, stenosis, or obstruction.
• Histopathology revealed progressive esophageal regeneration with neo-esophageal tissue resembling native tissue by 3 months.

Conclusions:

• Hydroxylated and kombucha-synthesized bacterial cellulose (HKBC) patches facilitate esophageal tissue regeneration.
• HKBC demonstrates potential as a promising biomaterial for esophageal reconstruction.