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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Author Spotlight: Establishing an Accurate Microhardness Testing Protocol for Craniofacial Tissues

Author Spotlight: Establishing an Accurate Microhardness Testing Protocol for Craniofacial Tissues

Published on: April 26, 2024

Secondary caries and microleakage.

Asbjørn Jokstad¹

¹Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens v 86, 9019 Tromsø, Norway.

Dental Materials : Official Publication of the Academy of Dental Materials

|October 2, 2015

Summary

Experimental ex vivo research on secondary caries shows poor clinical correlation due to aggressive methods and undefined terms like "wall lesion". Further research is needed to bridge the gap between lab findings and real-world dental patient outcomes.

Keywords:

Biofilms Corrosion Dental caries Dental materials

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Area of Science:

Dental research
Cariology
Restorative dentistry

Background:

Secondary caries is a significant concern in restorative dentistry.
Existing experimental ex vivo research often shows poor correlation with clinical observations.
The etiopathogenesis and prevention of secondary caries require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically appraise experimental ex vivo research on secondary caries.
To identify reasons for the discrepancy between experimental findings and clinical observations.
To offer explanations for the poor correlation between laboratory studies and clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature review of experimental ex vivo studies on secondary caries.
Emphasis on research concerning microleakage and artificial caries-like lesions.
Analysis of methodologies used in generating artificial lesions and assessing microleakage.

Main Results:

The existence of an independent "caries wall lesion" is doubtful.
Microleakage experiments persist despite questions about their reliability and validity.
Aggressive methods for creating artificial caries-like lesions generate unrealistic microenvironments.
Replicating real-world variables like corrosion and biodegradation products in ex vivo settings is challenging.
Clinical data is influenced by sampling methods, patient demographics, and study design.
Clinical results from ideal settings do not predict restorative material performance in average dental practices.

Conclusions:

The term "wall lesion" is ill-defined and should be avoided.
Experimental ex vivo research methodologies for secondary caries need refinement to improve clinical relevance.
There is a significant need to develop more realistic ex vivo models that better reflect clinical conditions and patient factors.