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Ex-Situ Remediation Technologies for Environmental Pollutants: A Critical Perspective
Saranya Kuppusamy1,2, Thavamani Palanisami2,3, Mallavarapu Megharaj4,5
1CERAR-Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia.
Abstract:
Pollution and the global health impacts from toxic environmental pollutants are presently of great concern. At present, more than 100 million people are at risk from exposure to a plethora of toxic organic and inorganic pollutants. This review is an exploration of the ex-situ technologies for cleaning-up the contaminated soil, groundwater and air emissions, highlighting their principles, advantages, deficiencies and the knowledge gaps. Challenges and strategies for removing different types of contaminants, mainly heavy metals and priority organic pollutants, are also described.
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