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Source depth estimation based on synthetic aperture beamfoming for a moving source.

T C Yang1

  • 1College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.

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Summary
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This study presents a novel method for estimating underwater source depth using synthetic aperture beamforming from a single hydrophone. The technique leverages Doppler shift and phase correction for accurate acoustic source localization.

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Area of Science:

  • Ocean Acoustics
  • Signal Processing
  • Underwater Acoustics

Background:

  • Underwater acoustic source localization is crucial for various applications.
  • Traditional methods often require multiple sensors or detailed environmental knowledge.
  • Moving sources introduce complexities in signal analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for estimating underwater source depth using a single hydrophone and synthetic aperture beamforming.
  • To address challenges posed by moving sources and environmental fluctuations.
  • To enable source depth estimation with minimal prior acoustic environmental data.

Main Methods:

  • Synthetic aperture beamforming utilizing the motion of the acoustic source.
  • Doppler shift estimation to determine range increment (aperture).
  • Phase correction using a phase-locked loop to mitigate random phase components.
  • Source depth estimation from beamformed output, with and without environmental data.

Main Results:

  • Successful estimation of source depth using simulated and at-sea data.
  • Demonstrated effectiveness of Doppler shift for aperture determination.
  • Validation of phase-locked loop for handling real-world signal complexities.
  • Source depth estimation is achievable even with limited knowledge of the acoustic environment.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed synthetic aperture beamforming method offers a robust approach to underwater source depth estimation.
  • The technique is effective for continuous wave signals from moving sources.
  • The method's reliance on a single hydrophone and adaptability to environmental noise make it a valuable tool.