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Does short-term fasting promote pathological eating patterns?

Katherine Schaumberg1, Drew A Anderson2, Erin E Reilly2

  • 1University of Albany, State University of New York, 399 Social Sciences Building, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, United States; Department of Psychology, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Stratton Hall 119, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.

Eating Behaviors
|October 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fasting did not increase disordered eating in college students. However, individual factors like disinhibition influenced eating behaviors both before and after the 24-hour fast.

Keywords:
Binge eatingDisinhibitionEating disordersFasting

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Nutrition Science
  • Eating Disorder Research

Background:

  • Fasting is a potential risk factor for pathological eating patterns.
  • Existing research on fasting's impact on eating behaviors yields mixed results.
  • Understanding the relationship between fasting and disordered eating is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of a 24-hour fast on eating behaviors in college students.
  • To examine if fasting leads to increased disordered eating, such as binge eating or compensatory behaviors.
  • To explore the role of individual difference variables (dietary restraint, disinhibition) in moderating these effects.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 122 college students to self-monitor eating behaviors for 96 hours, including a 24-hour fast.
  • Participants completed baseline measures of dietary restraint and disinhibition.
  • Assessed food intake, binge eating episodes, and compensatory behaviors before, during, and after the fast.

Main Results:

  • No significant increase in disordered eating behaviors (objective binge episodes, excessive eating, compensatory behaviors) was observed post-fast.
  • Baseline disinhibition was a significant predictor of excessive eating and objective binge episodes, both pre- and post-fast.
  • Fasting's association with eating disorder risk appears to be influenced by individual characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • A 24-hour fast did not directly increase pathological eating behaviors in this college student sample.
  • Individual differences, particularly disinhibition, play a key role in how fasting affects eating patterns.
  • Further research should explore the interaction between fasting and psychological variables to understand eating disorder development.