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Small biomolecule immunosensing with plasmonic optical fiber grating sensor.

Clotilde Ribaut1, Valérie Voisin2, Viera Malachovská1

  • 1Proteomics and Microbiology Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium; Electromagnetism and Telecommunication Department, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium.

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Summary

This study developed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for lung cancer detection. The biosensor effectively detects cytokeratin 7 (CK7) peptides, even in serum, showing promise for early diagnosis.

Keywords:
Cytokeratin 7 biomarkerFiber optic biosensorSmall biomolecule detectionSurface plasmon resonanceTilted fiber Bragg grating

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optical Biosensing
  • Cancer Diagnostics

Background:

  • Lung cancer diagnosis relies on detecting specific biomarkers.
  • Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) offers sensitive detection of molecular interactions.
  • Optical fiber biosensors provide a platform for real-time, label-free detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize an SPR optical fiber biosensor for lung cancer biomarker detection.
  • To investigate the biosensor's sensitivity to different sizes of cytokeratin 7 (CK7) biomarkers.
  • To evaluate the biosensor's performance in complex biological media.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) based SPR optical fiber biosensor.
  • Development of a bioreceptor using antibody/antigen immobilization for CK7 detection.
  • Comparative analysis of CK7 full protein (78 kDa) and CK7 peptide (2.6 kDa) detection.
  • Label-free monitoring of biomarker binding using SPR.

Main Results:

  • The biosensor demonstrated high sensitivity for both CK7 full protein and CK7 peptide.
  • A higher limit of detection was observed for the larger CK7 full protein compared to the peptide.
  • Achieved a limit of detection of 0.4 nM for CK7 peptides in serum, demonstrating robustness in complex media.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SPR optical fiber biosensor is effective for direct detection of small lung cancer biomarkers.
  • The sensor shows potential for sensitive and specific detection of CK7 peptides in clinical samples.
  • This technology offers a promising tool for advancing early lung cancer diagnosis.