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Human Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus Genotypes in Apical Periodontitis Lesions

Aleksandar Jakovljevic1, Miroslav Andric1, Aleksandra Knezevic2

  • 1School of Dental Medicine, Clinic for Oral Surgery and Implantology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.

Journal of Endodontics
|October 6, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are linked to apical periodontitis. The study found HCMV gB type II and EBV-1 are the most common genotypes in these lesions.

Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Different genotypes of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) exhibit distinct pathogenic capabilities.
  • These differences arise from variations in host immune system interactions and cellular tropism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distribution of HCMV and EBV genotypes in apical periodontitis lesions.
  • To correlate viral genotype prevalence with clinical and histopathologic features of the lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis were employed.
  • Samples from 100 apical periodontitis lesions and 25 healthy pulp tissues were analyzed.
  • HCMV glycoprotein B (gB) and EBV nuclear antigen-2 genotypes were specifically targeted.

Main Results:

  • HCMV and EBV were detected more frequently in apical periodontitis lesions than in healthy controls (P = .020 for both).
  • HCMV gB type II was significantly more prevalent than type I (P = .036).
  • EBV-1 occurred more often than EBV-2 (P = .001), and dual HCMV/EBV coinfection was more common in larger lesions (P = .038).

Conclusions:

  • HCMV and EBV are implicated in the inflammatory bone destruction characteristic of apical periodontitis.
  • The predominant genotypes found in these lesions are HCMV gB type II and EBV-1.
Keywords:
Apical periodontitisEBNA-2 proteinEpstein-Barr virusgenotypeglycoprotein Bhuman cytomegalovirus

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