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Related Concept Videos

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs01:02

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs

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Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
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Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Excipients and Impurities-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:19

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Pharmaceutical products contain more than just the active drug; they also contain various excipients such as binders, solubilizers, stabilizers, preservatives, and other elements. In some cases, impurities or contaminants might be present. Traditionally, quality control in pharmaceuticals has primarily focused on the analysis of the active drug, often overlooking the impact of these additional components. The recent issue with heparin contamination by over-sulfated chondroitin sulfate, a...
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Drugs can be classified according to their chemical composition or their intended therapeutic application. For instance, anti-infective agents that possess the ability to eliminate pathogens or suppress their growth and reproduction can be grouped based on the organisms they target or their chemical structure. Furthermore, drugs can be divided into prescription, nonprescription, or controlled substances. Prescription medications, such as antibiotics, require oversight from a licensed healthcare...
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The concept of therapeutic equivalence (TE) in drugs with multiple indications is complex. A generic drug may be therapeutically equivalent to a brand-name product for one specific indication, but this doesn't necessarily mean it's equivalent for all other indications. Evidence of TE in one patient group and bioequivalence shown in healthy volunteers can support—but not confirm—TE for other indications. However, definitive proof requires individual clinical studies for each...
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Pharmaceutical Equivalents01:26

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As defined by regulatory standards, pharmaceutical equivalents require generic drug products to have identical dosage forms and chemically identical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). They must adhere to compendial or applicable standards for potency, content uniformity, disintegration times, and dissolution rates. In the case of modified-release dosage forms, variations in drug content are permissible as long as the delivered amount remains consistent with the innovator drug product.
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Bioequivalence: Overview01:16

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Pharmaceutical equivalents, by definition, are drug products with the same active ingredient in the same quantities, encapsulated in identical dosage forms, and intended for the same administration routes. These pharmaceutical equivalents are deemed bioequivalent if the bioavailability of the active entity in the drug preparations is similar. Moreover, pharmaceutical equivalents demonstrating bioequivalence are also regarded as therapeutically equivalent. This means that when used as directed,...
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Essential Medicines: An Indian Perspective.

Rituparna Maiti1, Vikas Bhatia2, Biswa Mohan Padhy1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Indian Journal of Community Medicine : Official Publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine
|October 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Access to affordable essential medicines in India remains inadequate, impacting health outcomes. Strengthening procurement, distribution, and rational use is crucial for improving healthcare.

Keywords:
Essential medicinesNational Medicine Policyhealth expenditureprimary healthcarerational drug use

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Systems Research
  • Pharmaceutical Policy

Background:

  • Essential medicines are vital for global health, particularly for impoverished populations.
  • While progress has been made globally, access to essential medicines in developing nations like India is insufficient.
  • This review examines the availability and accessibility of essential medicines in India over the past decade.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the current state of essential medicines' availability and accessibility in India.
  • To identify challenges and areas for improvement in the Indian healthcare system regarding essential medicines.
  • To provide insights for strengthening pharmaceutical access in India.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the Indian healthcare system's scenario concerning essential medicines.
  • Analysis of availability and accessibility data over the last decade.
  • Examination of procurement and delivery systems.

Main Results:

  • Despite global efforts, India faces challenges in ensuring adequate access to essential medicines.
  • The review highlights the need for enhanced government commitment and strategic improvements in the supply chain.
  • Inefficiencies in procurement and distribution systems hinder access.

Conclusions:

  • Improving the Indian healthcare system requires strengthening the procurement and delivery of essential medicines.
  • Key interventions include government commitment, careful selection, public financing, efficient distribution, tax control, and promoting rational drug use.
  • Enhanced strategies are necessary to ensure equitable access to essential medicines for all citizens.