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Analysis of Driver Evasive Maneuvering Prior to Intersection Crashes Using Event Data Recorders
John M Scanlon1, Kristofer D Kusano1, Hampton C Gabler1
1a Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics Department , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia.
Traffic Injury Prevention
|October 6, 2015
Summary
Drivers often perform evasive steering and braking maneuvers before intersection crashes, typically initiating these actions within 1.5 seconds of impact. This research provides critical data for developing advanced driver assistance systems (I-ADAS) to improve intersection safety.
Area of Science:
- Road Safety
- Automotive Engineering
- Human Factors in Driving
Background:
- Intersection crashes cause significant annual fatalities in the U.S.
- Intersection Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (I-ADAS) show promise for preventing these crashes.
- Limited data exists on driver evasive actions before real-world intersection crashes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the frequency of driver evasive maneuvers before intersection crashes.
- To determine the timing of evasive actions (braking and steering).
- To analyze the kinematics of driver evasive maneuvers.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed Event Data Recorders (EDRs) from 135 vehicles in intersection crashes (2001-2013).
- Investigated evasive braking using speed and braking data; evasive steering using yaw rate data.
- Classified precrash vehicle movement and excluded non-evasive steering maneuvers.
Main Results:
- Four-fifths of drivers performed crash avoidance maneuvers.
- Median evasive braking occurred 0.5-1.5s before impact; median evasive steering occurred 0.5-0.9s before impact.
- Drivers frequently combined steering and braking, often in the direction of travel.
Conclusions:
- Most drivers involved in intersection crashes attempted evasive actions.
- Drivers typically initiated steering and braking concurrently.
- Findings support the development of I-ADAS to enhance intersection safety.
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