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Deterministic processes vary during community assembly for ecologically dissimilar taxa.

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Ecological community assembly involves deterministic and stochastic processes. Habitat turnover drives bacterial communities, while fungal communities assemble stochastically, independent of disturbance, impacting ecosystem services.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Microbial Ecology
  • Soil Science

Background:

  • The continuum hypothesis posits that deterministic and stochastic processes shape ecological communities.
  • Understanding the contextual dependency of these processes is crucial for predicting community responses to environmental change.
  • Soil microbes, including bacteria and fungi, are vital for ecosystem functions but their assembly dynamics are complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the drivers of bacterial and fungal community turnover across soil horizons.
  • To assess the relative importance of habitat turnover versus stochastic processes in microbial community assembly.
  • To understand how environmental factors like isolation and disturbance influence these assembly processes.

Main Methods:

  • Community and habitat turnover were measured across multiple vertical soil horizons.
  • Data were collected from 183 diverse sites across Scotland.
  • Bacterial and fungal communities were analyzed, considering their distinct dispersal capabilities and growth habits.

Main Results:

  • Habitat turnover was identified as the primary driver of bacterial community turnover.
  • The influence of habitat turnover on bacterial communities decreased with increased isolation and disturbance.
  • Fungal communities demonstrated a highly stochastic assembly process, largely unaffected by disturbance.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial and fungal community assembly in soils are driven by different processes.
  • Predicting microbial community responses requires considering dispersal limitation and biotic interactions.
  • Effective management of soil ecosystem services necessitates a nuanced understanding of microbial assembly dynamics.