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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

12.7K
The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
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Complementation Tests00:49

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A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
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Serum Laboratory Studies, Stool Test, Breath Test01:30

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Gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic studies are pivotal in confirming, ruling out, diagnosing, or staging various diseases, including cancers. Following diagnosis, allocating time for discussions with the patient and providing informational resources is crucial. Diagnostic assessments of the GI tract often occur in outpatient settings like endoscopy suites or GI labs. Preparation for these tests may include dietary restrictions, fasting, liquid bowel preparations, laxatives, enemas, and the...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

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Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells
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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

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Laboratory tests for disorders of complement and complement regulatory proteins.

Angela R Shih1, Mandakolathur R Murali1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114.

American Journal of Hematology
|October 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complement pathway is crucial for immunity but its dysfunction causes hematologic disorders like PNH, HAE, and aHUS. This review covers diagnostic tests and emerging therapies for complement-mediated diseases.

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Related Experiment Videos

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Protease cascades

Background:

  • The complement pathway is a critical protease cascade in innate and adaptive immunity.
  • Dysfunction in complement activation, regulation, or deficiencies links to hematologic disorders such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), hereditary angioedema (HAE), and atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome (aHUS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current laboratory tests for complement pathway disorders.
  • To discuss the utility and limitations of these tests in hematologic and systemic diseases.
  • To review therapeutic advances targeting the complement pathway for hematologic disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of diagnostic tests for complement disorders.
  • Analysis of test utility and limitations in specific hematologic conditions.
  • Review of current and emerging complement-targeted therapies.

Main Results:

  • Current laboratory tests for complement disorders have varying utility and limitations.
  • Diagnostic challenges exist in differentiating complement-mediated hematologic disorders.
  • Several therapeutic strategies targeting the complement pathway show promise.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate laboratory testing is essential for diagnosing complement-mediated hematologic disorders.
  • Targeted complement inhibition represents a significant advance in treating these conditions.
  • Further research is needed to optimize diagnostics and therapeutics for complement pathway disorders.