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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

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Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
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Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
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Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

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Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
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Updated: Apr 1, 2026

The Left Pneumonectomy Combined with Monocrotaline or Sugen as a Model of Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
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A 33-year-old man with multiple bilateral pulmonary pseudoaneurysms.

Haala K Rokadia1, Gustavo A Heresi1, Carmela D Tan2

  • 1Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland OH.

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A young man experienced sudden shortness of breath due to blood clots in both lungs. Doctors discovered a heart tumor (right atrial myxoma) causing the condition, requiring surgery and lifelong blood thinners.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Right atrial myxoma is a rare primary cardiac tumor.
  • Pulmonary embolism (PE) can be a rare but serious complication of cardiac tumors.

Observation:

  • A 33-year-old non-smoker presented with acute dyspnea.
  • Bilateral pulmonary emboli were diagnosed.
  • Echocardiography revealed a right atrial myxoma.

Findings:

  • Surgical resection of the right atrial myxoma was performed.
  • The patient required lifelong anticoagulation therapy post-surgery.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering cardiac tumors in the differential diagnosis of unexplained pulmonary embolism.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes in patients with cardiac myxoma and embolic events.