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Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
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Does learning to read shape verbal working memory?

Catherine Demoulin1,2, Régine Kolinsky3,4

  • 1Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, Brussels, Belgium. cdemouli@ulb.ac.be.

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|October 7, 2015
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Learning to read significantly enhances verbal working memory development. This occurs through improved subvocal rehearsal and phonological/orthographic representations, benefiting memory encoding and retrieval.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Previous research primarily explored working memory's influence on reading acquisition.
  • The reciprocal relationship, where reading impacts working memory, has been largely overlooked.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present evidence supporting a significant role of reading acquisition in shaping verbal working memory.
  • To discuss potential mechanisms underlying these literacy effects on memory.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing experimental evidence on reading and working memory.
  • Theoretical discussion of proposed mechanisms linking literacy to memory development.

Main Results:

  • Reading acquisition appears to be a crucial factor in the development of verbal working memory.
  • Early decoding skills may enhance subvocal rehearsal and serial order memory performance.
  • Alphabetical literacy fosters phonemic awareness, refined phonological, and orthographic representations.

Conclusions:

  • Literacy acquisition plays a more prominent role in verbal working memory development than previously acknowledged.
  • Improved lexical representations due to reading enhance memory encoding and retrieval processes.
  • Understanding this bidirectional relationship is key to comprehending cognitive development.