Xerophthalmia and vitamin A deficiency in an autistic child with a restricted diet

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pediatrics
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Vitamin A deficiency is a global health concern, particularly in developing nations.
• Autism spectrum disorder and restricted diets can increase the risk of nutritional deficiencies.
• Long-term medical care does not always prevent or identify critical nutrient deficiencies.

Observation:

• A child with autism and a restricted diet presented with visual deterioration.
• The child had a history of complex medical issues and was under long-term medical supervision.
• Ocular manifestations of vitamin A deficiency were suspected during an ophthalmology consultation.

Findings:

• The child was diagnosed with significant vitamin A deficiency.
• Systemic and ocular manifestations were present due to the deficiency.
• The diagnosis was delayed despite ongoing medical care.

Implications:

• Highlights the importance of considering vitamin A deficiency in children with restricted diets, even in developed countries.
• Underscores the need for comprehensive nutritional assessments in pediatric patients with autism.
• Emphasizes the critical role of ophthalmology in identifying systemic diseases through visual assessment.