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Clonidine increases bone resorption in humans.

E J Limonard1, T Schoenmaker2, T J de Vries2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
|October 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reducing sympathetic nervous system activity with clonidine unexpectedly increased bone resorption in humans, unlike in rodents. This suggests a different role for the sympathetic system in human bone metabolism, not directly affecting osteoclasts.

Keywords:
Alpha-2-adrenergic receptorBone turnoverOsteoclastSympathetic nervous system

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Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and metabolism
  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Sympathetic nervous system signaling influences bone resorption in rodents.
  • The role of the sympathetic nervous system in human bone metabolism remains unclear.
  • Clonidine, an alpha-2-adrenergic receptor agonist, reduces sympathetic tone.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of clonidine on bone turnover markers in humans.
  • To determine if sympathetic nervous system modulation impacts human bone resorption.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized crossover study in 12 healthy volunteers (aged 18-70).
  • Administration of a single oral dose of 0.3 mg clonidine.
  • Measurement of serum bone turnover markers: C-terminal cross-linking telopeptides of collagen type I (CTx) and procollagen type 1 N propeptide (P1NP).
  • In vitro assessment of clonidine's effect on osteoclast precursors (TRAcP(+) MNCs) and bone resorption.

Main Results:

  • Clonidine significantly increased CTx levels, indicating enhanced bone resorption (p=0.035).
  • P1NP levels, a marker of bone formation, remained unaffected by clonidine (p=0.520).
  • In vitro, clonidine did not alter osteoclast formation or direct bone resorption (p>0.5).

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacological reduction of sympathetic tone with clonidine increases bone resorption in humans.
  • This effect is not mediated by a direct action of clonidine on osteoclasts.
  • The sympathetic nervous system plays a distinct role in regulating bone resorption in humans compared to rodents.