Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Post-stimulus rebound of EEG power in response to vocal and non-vocal sounds in children with and without autism spectrum disorder: An exploratory study.

Brain & development·2026

Same author

Recognition of Japanese kanji words in children with specific learning disorders: a preliminary study using magnetoencephalography.

Brain & development·2025

Same author

Paroxysmal delta waves of awake EEG in childhood adrenoleukodystrophy: Possible indicator of the hematopoietic stem cell therapy (HSCT).

Brain & development·2024

Same author

Abnormality in GABAergic postsynaptic transmission associated with anxiety in <i>Bronx waltzer</i> mice with an <i>Srrm4</i> mutation.

IBRO neuroscience reports·2024

Same author

Modulation effects of the intact motor skills on the relationship between social skills and motion perceptions in children with autism spectrum disorder: A pilot study.

Brain & development·2022

Same author

Detection of deviance in Japanese kanji compound words.

Frontiers in human neuroscience·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors

Published on: January 3, 2017

Mu rhythm desynchronization by tongue thrust observation.

Kotoe Sakihara¹, Masumi Inagaki²

¹Department of Developmental Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Kodaira, Japan ; Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University Tokyo, Japan.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

|October 7, 2015

Summary

Observing subtle tongue movements activates the brain's sensorimotor area, causing event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the mu rhythm. This brain activity, crucial for motor control, shows a left-hemisphere dominance during tongue thrust observation.

Keywords:

electroencephalogram event-related desynchronization event-related synchronization mu rhythm tongue thrust observation

More Related Videos

Uncovering Beat Deafness: Detecting Rhythm Disorders with Synchronized Finger Tapping and Perceptual Timing Tasks

Uncovering Beat Deafness: Detecting Rhythm Disorders with Synchronized Finger Tapping and Perceptual Timing Tasks

Published on: March 16, 2015

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS

Published on: February 21, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors

Published on: January 3, 2017

Uncovering Beat Deafness: Detecting Rhythm Disorders with Synchronized Finger Tapping and Perceptual Timing Tasks

Uncovering Beat Deafness: Detecting Rhythm Disorders with Synchronized Finger Tapping and Perceptual Timing Tasks

Published on: March 16, 2015

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS

Published on: February 21, 2011

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Motor Control
Brain Activity

Background:

The sensorimotor cortex is vital for planning and executing movements.
Understanding how observing subtle orofacial movements activates this area is key to understanding non-verbal communication and empathy.
The mu rhythm is a key electroencephalogram (EEG) biomarker for sensorimotor cortex activity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate mu rhythm changes in the sensorimotor cortex during tongue thrust observation.
To determine how observing subtle non-verbal orofacial movements activates the sensorimotor area.
To compare brain activity during tongue thrust observation versus execution.

Main Methods:

Ten healthy volunteers underwent electroencephalogram (EEG) recording with 128 scalp electrodes.
Participants performed finger tapping, tongue thrust execution, and observed tongue thrusts.
Event-related desynchronization (ERD) and synchronization (ERS) of mu (8-13 Hz) and beta (13-25 Hz) rhythms were analyzed in sensorimotor areas.

Main Results:

Tongue thrust observation induced significant mu rhythm event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the sensorimotor cortex.
This ERD was predominantly observed in the left hemisphere, irrespective of the observed tongue thrust direction.
ERD during observation preceded ERD during execution by approximately 2 seconds, suggesting predictive neural processing.

Conclusions:

Observing tongue thrusts activates the sensorimotor cortex, indicated by mu rhythm ERD.
This activation exhibits a left-hemispheric dominance.
The findings highlight the sensorimotor system's role in processing observed orofacial actions, even subtle ones.