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Cigarette cravings, a key feature of tobacco use disorder, are triggered by smoking cues. Impulsivity influences these cravings through fronto-cingulate mechanisms, suggesting psychiatric patients are a key group for further study.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Craving is central to tobacco use disorder and relapse.
  • Smoking cues activate brain regions involved in self-referential processing, regulation, emotion, attention, and automatic behaviors.
  • Heterogeneity in findings is due to factors like abstinence, expectancies, self-regulation, dependence severity, sex, motivation, and genetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies on neural correlates of smoking cues and craving.
  • To examine the influence of impulsivity on neural mechanisms of cigarette craving.
  • To identify psychiatric patients as a target population for future research.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of fMRI studies on neural responses to smoking cues.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to variability in study results.
  • Investigating the role of impulsivity in cigarette craving using fMRI.

Main Results:

  • A distributed neural network underlies smokers' craving responses.
  • Impulsivity significantly influences cigarette cravings, mediated by fronto-cingulate mechanisms.
  • Limited research exists on personality traits, such as impulsivity, in relation to neural correlates of craving.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the neural basis of craving is crucial for tobacco use disorder treatment.
  • Impulsivity's role highlights the need for tailored interventions, especially for psychiatric populations.
  • Further neuro-imaging research in psychiatric patients with high impulsivity is warranted.