Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Parallel Processing

Parallel Processing

The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...

Visual System

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...

Gestalt Principles of Perception

Gestalt Principles of Perception

Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...

Vision

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.

Factors Affecting Perception

Factors Affecting Perception

Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Shared memories of event details in the human brain are altered by misinformation and test expectations.

PLoS biology·2026

Same author

Identifying and reprogramming softness-driven cancer stem-like cells overcomes CAR-T cell resistance in solid tumours.

Nature biomedical engineering·2026

Same author

Perceived appearance pressures from close social relationships and disinhibited eating: A cross-national study among young adult college students in the United States, China, and Pakistan.

Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology·2026

Same author

Ultrasound priming gated by solid tumor hallmarks to guide CAR-T therapy.

Science advances·2026

Same author

Corrigendum to "Histochemical analysis of osteoclast and osteoblast distributions on hydroxyapatite/collagen bone-like nanocomposite embedded in rat tibiae" [J Oral Biosci 67 (2025) 100612].

Journal of oral biosciences·2026

Same author

Near-complete phosphorus valorization from sewage sludge: Cost-effective co-production of vivianite and bioavailable detoxified hydrochar via a recyclable citric acid-mediated hydrothermal process.

Water research·2026

Same journal

A fair lexical decision task for monolingual and multilingual Spanish-speakers.

Frontiers in psychology·2026

Same journal

Post-disaster psychological effects: identifying earthquake-induced trauma in athletes.

Frontiers in psychology·2026

Same journal

On the contemporary history of learning disability identification procedures-a systematic literature review (1960-2000).

Frontiers in psychology·2026

Same journal

Adolescent Mental Toughness Questionnaire (aMTQ10): development, validation and norms.

Frontiers in psychology·2026

Same journal

Understanding secondary school students' intentions to learn artificial intelligence: a multigroup structural equation modeling analysis.

Frontiers in psychology·2026

Same journal

Rethinking directiveness in AI coaching chatbots.

Frontiers in psychology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

Published on: January 23, 2017

Visual perception can account for the close relation between numerosity processing and computational fluency.

Xinlin Zhou¹, Wei Wei², Yiyun Zhang¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Siegler Center for Innovative Learning, Beijing Normal University Beijing, China.

Frontiers in Psychology

|October 7, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Visual perceptual ability, not magnitude processing, may explain the link between how children process numbers and their arithmetic skills. Figure matching ability was key in this study of young students.

Keywords:

approximate number system arithmetic computational fluency numerosity visual perception

More Related Videos

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

Published on: August 29, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

Published on: January 23, 2017

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

Published on: August 29, 2018

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Educational Psychology
Developmental Psychology

Background:

Numerosity processing and arithmetic performance are known to be correlated.
This correlation is often attributed to shared magnitude processing abilities.
An alternative hypothesis suggests visual perceptual ability plays a role.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether visual perceptual ability, specifically figure matching, accounts for the relationship between numerosity processing and computational fluency.
To test the hypothesis that visual perception, rather than magnitude processing, is the shared component.

Main Methods:

424 third- to fifth-grade children (8-11 years old) from Beijing participated.
Children completed cognitive tests including numerosity comparison, figure matching, and working memory.
Arithmetic performance was assessed using computational fluency and curriculum-based achievement tests.

Main Results:

Figure-matching ability showed stronger correlations with numerosity processing and computational fluency than other cognitive factors.
Hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that figure matching ability significantly accounted for the association between numerosity processing and computational fluency.
Results support the visual perception hypothesis.

Conclusions:

Visual perceptual ability, as measured by figure matching, is a significant factor linking numerosity processing and arithmetic performance.
The findings suggest that visual perception, not solely magnitude processing, may underlie the relationship between number sense and mathematical skills.
This highlights the importance of visual perceptual skills in early mathematics development.