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Diabetes and Hepatitis C: A Two-Way Association
Sara Salehi Hammerstad1, Shira Frankel Grock2, Hanna J Lee2
1Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY , USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål , Oslo , Norway.
Frontiers in Endocrinology
|October 7, 2015
Summary
Diabetes and hepatitis C infection have a complex, two-way relationship, impacting patient outcomes and disease progression. This review explores their association and proposes a diabetes screening algorithm for hepatitis C patients.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Endocrinology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are significant global health concerns.
- HCV infection is linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), while T2D may worsen HCV outcomes.
- HCV and its treatments, like interferon-alfa, can also trigger type 1 diabetes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the existing data on the bidirectional relationship between diabetes and HCV infection.
- To discuss potential underlying mechanisms driving this association.
- To propose an algorithm for diabetes screening and management in HCV-infected individuals.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of epidemiological and clinical studies.
- Analysis of proposed pathophysiological mechanisms.
- Development of a clinical management guideline.
Main Results:
- Evidence suggests a higher prevalence of T2D in HCV patients compared to controls.
- HCV infection is associated with poorer treatment response, advanced fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma risk in diabetic patients.
- Interferon-alfa therapy for HCV can precipitate T1DM.
Conclusions:
- The interplay between diabetes and HCV is complex, affecting disease progression and outcomes.
- Further research is needed to determine the impact of new curative HCV therapies on diabetic patients and metformin on HCV complications.
- A structured approach to diabetes screening and follow-up is recommended for patients with HCV infection.
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