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Histiocytic cytophagic panniculitis
1Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|February 1, 1989
Summary
Histiocytic cytophagic panniculitis presents with skin lesions and subcutaneous tissue infiltration by histiocytes. Many patients experienced severe outcomes, including death from hemorrhage, though some showed remission or responded to chemotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Pathology
- Immunology
Background:
- Histiocytic cytophagic panniculitis (HCP) is a rare inflammatory condition.
- It is characterized by the infiltration of subcutaneous tissue by histiocytes with phagocytic activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical and histopathologic features of HCP.
- To analyze patient outcomes and response to treatment.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 19 cases of HCP from institutional and literature data.
- Histopathologic examination of cutaneous lesions.
- Immunohistochemical analysis of inflammatory infiltrates in five cases.
Main Results:
- All patients exhibited cutaneous nodules and plaques, sometimes with ecchymosis and ulceration.
- Subcutaneous tissue showed infiltration by large, benign histiocytes with cytophagic features.
- Thirteen patients died, nine from hemorrhagic complications; four had remission; two responded to polychemotherapy.
- Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant number of infiltrating T cells in lesions.
Conclusions:
- HCP is a severe condition with significant morbidity and mortality, often associated with hemorrhage.
- The presence of T cells in inflammatory lesions suggests an immune-mediated component.
- Further research into treatment strategies, particularly for severe cases, is warranted.
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