Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems01:17

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems

1.5K
Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
1.5K
Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion01:26

Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion

1.0K
Bacterial protein secretion involves translocation systems to ensure proteins reach their designated locations, including the plasma membrane, periplasm, outer membrane, or the external environment. These translocation systems are vital for bacterial physiology, supporting processes like membrane assembly, enzymatic activity in the periplasm, and interactions with the external environment. The division of labor between Sec and Tat pathways ensures efficiency in handling proteins with diverse...
1.0K
Overview of Secretory Vesicles01:33

Overview of Secretory Vesicles

9.9K
Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
9.9K
Cotranslational Protein Translocation01:20

Cotranslational Protein Translocation

11.0K
Translocation of proteins across membranes is an ancient process that occurs even in bacteria and archaebacteria. In fact, the components of the translocation machinery are still conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
11.0K
Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

3.4K
After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
3.4K
Mechanism of Conjugation01:19

Mechanism of Conjugation

1.5K
Bacterial conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer that enables the exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells through direct contact. This process is facilitated by a donor cell carrying a conjugative plasmid, which encodes genes necessary for pilus formation, DNA replication, and transfer. The conjugative plasmid plays a central role in initiating and executing the transfer of genetic material.The tra region of the conjugative plasmid encodes proteins responsible for...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

<i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Salmonella</i>: their past, present, and future in scientific research and publications.

Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR·2026
Same author

Mechanism of phospholipid transport to the bacterial outer membrane by TAM.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Phospholipid composition strongly affects the assembly of β barrel proteins into purified bacterial outer membranes.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Antibacterial macrocyclic peptides reveal a distinct mode of BamA inhibition.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Conserved lipid-facing basic residues promote the insertion of the porin OmpC into the <i>E. coli</i> outer membrane.

mBio·2025
Same author

The translocation assembly module (TAM) catalyzes the assembly of bacterial outer membrane proteins <i>in vitro</i>.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking
11:33

Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking

Published on: December 17, 2013

6.6K

Type V Secretion: the Autotransporter and Two-Partner Secretion Pathways.

Harris D Bernstein

    Ecosal Plus
    |October 8, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Gram-negative bacteria use autotransporter and two-partner secretion (TPS) pathways to secrete virulence factors. This chapter reviews current models for type V secretion pathway mechanisms and polypeptide biogenesis.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Bacterial Pathogenesis

    Background:

    • Autotransporter (AT) and two-partner secretion (TPS) pathways are major routes for virulence factor secretion in Gram-negative bacteria.
    • These pathways, often termed type V secretion, share common features but likely have distinct evolutionary origins.
    • While ATs feature a passenger domain and a beta-barrel domain, TPS involves a secreted exoprotein and a dedicated transporter.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the current understanding of early and late steps in polypeptide biogenesis for type V secretion pathways.
    • To discuss current models of the protein secretion mechanism through AT and TPS pathways.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on type V secretion systems.

    More Related Videos

    A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition
    08:45

    A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition

    Published on: March 20, 2013

    16.3K
    Conjugative Mating Assays for Sequence-specific Analysis of Transfer Proteins Involved in Bacterial Conjugation
    10:41

    Conjugative Mating Assays for Sequence-specific Analysis of Transfer Proteins Involved in Bacterial Conjugation

    Published on: January 4, 2017

    14.5K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 1, 2026

    Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking
    11:33

    Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking

    Published on: December 17, 2013

    6.6K
    A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition
    08:45

    A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition

    Published on: March 20, 2013

    16.3K
    Conjugative Mating Assays for Sequence-specific Analysis of Transfer Proteins Involved in Bacterial Conjugation
    10:41

    Conjugative Mating Assays for Sequence-specific Analysis of Transfer Proteins Involved in Bacterial Conjugation

    Published on: January 4, 2017

    14.5K
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms for protein translocation across the outer membrane.
  • Discussion of polypeptide biogenesis in the context of secretion.

    • Main Results:

    • Increasing evidence suggests additional factors beyond the beta-domain are involved in autotransporter translocation.
    • The precise mechanisms of protein secretion through the TPS pathway are still emerging.
    • Models for type V secretion highlight commonalities and potential distinct evolutionary paths.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the biogenesis and secretion mechanisms of type V pathways is crucial for deciphering bacterial virulence.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex translocation processes involved in AT and TPS pathways.
    • Comparative analysis of these pathways provides insights into bacterial protein secretion evolution.