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P-N junction

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

Published on: January 10, 2017

Flexible, highly efficient all-polymer solar cells.

Taesu Kim^1,2, Jae-Han Kim^2,3, Tae Eui Kang^1,2

¹Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.

Nature Communications

|October 10, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Highly efficient and mechanically robust all-polymer solar cells were developed using PBDTTTPD and P(NDI2HD-T) polymers. These novel solar cells offer superior flexibility and strength for portable power applications.

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Polycrystalline Silicon Thin-film Solar cells with Plasmonic-enhanced Light-trapping

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Last Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

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Published on: January 10, 2017

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Polycrystalline Silicon Thin-film Solar cells with Plasmonic-enhanced Light-trapping

Polycrystalline Silicon Thin-film Solar cells with Plasmonic-enhanced Light-trapping

Published on: July 2, 2012

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Renewable Energy

Background:

All-polymer solar cells are promising for flexible and portable power generation.
Commercial viability requires high power-conversion efficiency and mechanical endurance.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop highly efficient and mechanically robust all-polymer solar cells.
To compare their performance and mechanical properties against conventional polymer-fullerene devices.

Main Methods:

Utilized PBDTTTPD as the polymer donor and P(NDI2HD-T) as the polymer acceptor.
Fabricated all-polymer solar cells and polymer-fullerene solar cells for comparison.

Main Results:

Achieved a high power-conversion efficiency of 6.64% in all-polymer solar cells.
Outperformed control polymer-fullerene devices (6.12% efficiency).
Demonstrated significantly enhanced mechanical properties: 60-fold improvement in elongation at break and 470-fold in toughness.

Conclusions:

The developed all-polymer solar cells offer a superior combination of efficiency and mechanical robustness.
Enhanced mechanical properties provide greater tolerance to deformation, ideal for flexible and portable electronics.
These findings position all-polymer solar cells as strong candidates for next-generation flexible power sources.