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Enoxacin: a new fluoroquinolone.

L A Jaber1, E M Bailey, M J Rybak

  • 1College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.

Clinical Pharmacy
|February 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Enoxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, effectively treats various infections like gonorrhea and UTIs. It shows broad-spectrum activity, but caution is advised with theophylline due to potential toxic interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Microbiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Enoxacin is a novel fluoroquinolone antibiotic, structurally similar to nalidixic acid.
  • Its antimicrobial profile is comparable to other fluoroquinolones like norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the chemistry, mechanism of action, resistance, pharmacokinetics, spectrum, efficacy, adverse effects, and drug interactions of enoxacin.
  • To evaluate enoxacin's potential in treating various bacterial infections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on enoxacin's properties and clinical trials.
  • Analysis of antimicrobial spectrum, pharmacokinetic data, and clinical efficacy studies.

Main Results:

  • Enoxacin exhibits broad-spectrum activity against Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria, with limited activity against anaerobes.
  • Rapid oral absorption, wide distribution, and renal excretion with a half-life of approximately five hours.
  • Effective in clinical trials for gonorrhea, cystitis, complicated urinary tract infections, and skin infections; potential for respiratory and ENT infections.

Conclusions:

  • Enoxacin is an effective treatment for urinary, genital, and skin/soft-tissue infections, including those resistant to conventional therapies.
  • Common adverse effects include mild GI and CNS symptoms.
  • Potential for significant drug interactions, notably with theophylline, caffeine, and antacids, requiring careful patient management.

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