Lacerations and Embedded Needles Caused by Epinephrine Autoinjector Use in Children

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Emergency Medicine
• Anaphylaxis Management
• Medical Device Safety

Background:

• Epinephrine autoinjectors are increasingly used for anaphylaxis treatment in children.
• Previous reports have documented digit injections but not lacerations from autoinjector misuse.
• This study investigates complications associated with pediatric epinephrine autoinjector use.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report and analyze complications of epinephrine autoinjector use in children.
• To discuss how device features and instructions may contribute to injuries.
• To identify potential improvements for reducing autoinjector-related harm.

Main Methods:

• A review of emergency medicine discussion lists and social media allergy groups was conducted.
• Cases of epinephrine autoinjector injuries involving children were identified and analyzed.

Main Results:

• Twenty-two cases of epinephrine autoinjector injuries in children were identified.
• Seventeen children sustained lacerations, and four experienced needle-stick injuries.
• Device design and lack of instructions for leg immobilization were noted as contributing factors.

Conclusions:

• Epinephrine autoinjectors are vital for anaphylaxis, but injuries can occur in children.
• Improving device design, minimizing injection time, and providing clear instructions are crucial.
• Recommendations include immobilizing the leg and enhancing needle retraction features.