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Glucose intolerance in acute infections.

K Sammalkorpi1

  • 1Aurora Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Journal of Internal Medicine
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Infections cause temporary glucose intolerance, increasing insulin resistance, especially in younger patients. Full recovery of insulin sensitivity may extend beyond the acute illness period.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Infections can significantly impact glucose metabolism.
  • Understanding the dynamics of glucose intolerance during and after infection is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of infection type, severity, and patient age on infection-induced glucose intolerance.
  • To assess changes in glucose, insulin, and glucagon levels during acute infection, convalescence, and recovery.

Main Methods:

  • Measured fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, and plasma glucagon in patients with viral or bacterial infections.
  • Performed oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) during different infection phases.
  • Analyzed data based on infection type, severity, and patient age.

Main Results:

  • Elevated serum insulin and decreased plasma glucagon were observed during acute infection and convalescence.
  • Oral glucose tolerance tests showed increased blood glucose and insulin levels in the acute stage.
  • Insulin resistance index (glucose x insulin) significantly increased during infection and convalescence.
  • Changes were more pronounced in younger patients and independent of infection severity or type.

Conclusions:

  • Infections induce transient glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, particularly affecting younger individuals.
  • Insulin sensitivity recovery can lag behind clinical recovery from infection, highlighting the need for extended monitoring.

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