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Urgent Psychiatric Services: A Scoping Review.
Nadiya Sunderji1, Jason Tan de Bibiana2, Vicky Stergiopoulos3
1Staff Psychiatrist and Medical Director, Ambulatory Care, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario; Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario.
Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie
|October 12, 2015
Summary
Urgent psychiatric services offer timely mental health assessment and treatment for crisis patients. This review identified 10 programs, highlighting structured triage, interprofessional teams, and improved patient outcomes, though further research is needed.
Area of Science:
- Mental Health Services Research
- Psychiatric Care Delivery Models
Background:
- Urgent psychiatric services are crucial for managing mental health crises and preventing hospitalization.
- Optimal organization and delivery models for these services remain underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review identifying knowledge gaps in urgent psychiatric service delivery.
- To inform program development and quality improvement initiatives for these critical services.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was performed across multiple databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, EBM Reviews) from 1993 to 2014.
- Included articles described ambulatory psychiatric assessment programs with a referral-to-service timeframe of under two weeks.
- Citation searching (forward and backward) was employed to maximize article identification.
Main Results:
- Ten urgent psychiatric service programs were identified, serving diverse patient populations with acute needs.
- Common features included structured triage, accessibility strategies, interprofessional staffing, short-term treatment, and continuity of care planning.
- Reported outcomes indicated improvements in symptom severity, psychosocial functioning, quality of life, and patient satisfaction, alongside reduced emergency department visits and hospital admissions.
Conclusions:
- Urgent psychiatric services represent a vital component of the mental health service continuum.
- Further research is essential to define the precise role of these services, establish best practices, and rigorously evaluate their outcomes.
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