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PATTERN OF OVERACTIVE BLADDER IN SOUTHEAST NIGERIA
1Department of Surgery, Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Background:
Overactive bladder is a distressing condition characterized by the syndrome of uncontrollable urgency, day time frequency, nocturia with or without urgency urinary incontinence.
Aim:
To determine the pattern of overactive bladder in two tertiary health institutions in South-East Nigeria.
Study Design:
The study is prospective.
Setting:
Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki and Niger Foundation Hospital and Diagnostic centre Enugu in southeastern Nigeria.
Method:
The study involved 383 patients who were diagnosed with overactive bladder in the two hospitals during the study period. Their demographics, clinical feature, management options and outcome were analyzed.Tolterodine was the anticholinegic used to treat the syndrome while the underlying pathology was treated accordingly.
Result:
There were 383 patients out of which 363 (94.8%) patients were males while 20 (5.2%) patients were females with the age range of 37yrs to103yrs with a mean of 63.4yrs. A total of 313 (81.7%) patients had prostatic disease (benign prostatic hyperplasia and cancer of the prostate), while 99 (25.8%) patients had diabetes mellitus. Among the 313(82 %) with prostate disease, two hundred and eighty nine (75.5%) had benign prostatic hyperplasia while twenty four (6.3%) had cancer of the prostate. Urgency, urinary incontinence and fecal incontinence were observed simultaneously in 133 (34.7%) patients during the episode of involuntary painful bladder contraction. In 271 (71%) patients, the overactive bladder was treated with Tolterodine alone and management of the underlying pathology with resolution of symptoms. Few patients benefitted from behavioral therapy.
Conclusion:
Overactive bladder in this environment is associated commonly with prostate diseases with urgency of urine, urine and fecal incontinence but responds well to anticholinergic.
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